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Arab States Annual SDG Review 2023: The Private Sector and The SDGs in The Arab Region 2023 Mario Jales Jana El Baba Hania Sabbidin Dimassi United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA) The ESCWA Annual SDG Review 2023, the second in the series, explores the contributions of the private sector to the realization of the 2030 Agenda and the SDGs in the Arab region. Building on limited available data on the subject, the report offers an indicative reading of existing trends and gaps in the region. The analysis is guided not only by the Agenda’s goals and targets, but also by the whole-of-society and rights-based approaches and the principles of universality, leaving no one behind, combating inequality and promoting gender equality and the empowerment of women.The Review examines the contributions of the private sector to sustainable development in the Arab region from three lenses: delivering the SDGs through business action, mobilizing private finance for the SDGs, and engaging the private sector in SDG planning and coordination. Each chapter assesses evidence for private sector engagement in the delivery of the SDGs in the region and provides guidance on actions needed to address current gaps. Arab States International Organizations’ Efforts to Qualify Teachers for Refugee in Türkiye and Egypt : A Comparative Study (International Projects as Models; Vol.1, No.47) 2023 Husniah Husayn Abd al-Rahman Iwis Faculty of Education - Fayoum University Educating refugee students requires teachers who master different skills that enable them to overcome the challenges they face in supporting children emotionally, and integrating them socially andacademically; Therefore, there was a need to train teachers before and during service in order to teach in classes consisting of children of different nationalities and cultures. This research seeks to reveal the nature of the efforts made to prepare teachers in charge ofeducating refugees in both Egypt and Turkey. To achieve this goal, theresearch relied on the functional approach and reached a number of results, the most important of which are: Internationalorganizations have attached great importance to the implementation ofteacher for refugee rehabilitation projects; this is through projectsfunded by the European Commission under the Erasmus+ (KA2)programme. It also shows the positive impact of projects on theemotional, social and professional aspects. Arab States Europe and North America Unaccompanied and Separated Children in the Mediterranean Region 2024 Pierre Cazenave International Centre for Migration Policy Development (ICMPD) EU This work was designed to shed light on past and current dynamics that influence international migration (from and within the region), gather the perspectives and analyse the narratives of Unaccompanied and Separated Children (UASC) in an attempt to understand the reasons that underpin the mobility of unaccompanied and separated children from and within the region, also with a view to provide recommendations on how to better provide for their specific needs in different contexts. The study placed a special emphasis on 3 selected countries in the MENA region (Morocco, Jordan and Lebanon) while valuable information and data gathered in 2 European Union (EU) countries, Greece and Spain, were also used. Arab States Psychological Counseling for People with Special Needs: Challenges and Prospects (Conference on Integrative Growth and Development in Special Education: Creating Knowledge for the Futures) 2022 Abdulaziz Ali Alghamdi Umm Al-Qura University Ministry of Education The study aims to identify the importance of psychological counseling for people with special needs and their families and the challenges facing them and the role of the psychological counselor in guiding them, through literature and studies in this field between (2015–2022). The study concluded that people with special needs have different guiding needs in terms of accepting disability and disorders that arise due to disability and integrating them with society and the resulting challenges that require guidance intervention, which increases the importance of psychological guidance for the study sample and the role of the psychological guide for this group to be familiar with information related to disability, help them to identify the nature of his disability, treatment and fate, and help solve his psychological, social, family and study problems, whether at the level of the individual or his family. Recommendations related to the results of the study were also made. Arab States Instructional Strategies for Learning Conflict Resolution Skills in School (Mustansiriyah Journal of Humanities; Vol. 1-1, Special Issue) 2023 Haider Kareem Sukar Mustansiriyah University The school is a community tool that achieves its educational goals through all behavioral habits that provide students with sound and integrated growth, as well as preparation and adaptation for the future after obtaining success and involvement in government institutions and the economy. In the civilizational scale, so the school must achieve all means of education and an educational philosophy based on foundations with educational entertainment Adolescent children may seek more freedom, power, and complete liberation later on from the authority of parents and others represented by the school, as it is the broader environment after the family that embraces the person, so we see these children doing actions such as abuse of others, violation of order and law, harshness in dealing with others, or rudeness in their behavior with them They may make mistakes and misbehave on purpose even though they know what is right and are able to act well. Therefore, the increasing manifestations of violence, disagreement and conflict in schools have led to an increase in the interest of educators of all positions in the process of learning and teaching students the concepts of human rights and the attitudes of tolerance in general and the skills of resolving differences and conflicts in constructive and positive ways and means. Arab States Human Rights and Conflict Resolution: Palestinian Universities as a Case Study (Conceptual Paper) 2023 Rashad Twam Palestinian Jurists Association Palestinian universities have consistently witnessed occasional conflicts, many of which have resulted in disrupting the educational process. While some of these conflicts originated outside the university walls, as an extension of societal violence, others stemmed from within the university itself, posing a threat to civil peace. This conceptual paper addresses this issue by examining the various forms of these conflicts over the past five years (2018-2022) and the stakeholders involved in resolving them. It adopts a differentiated approach between the perspectives and methodologies of human rights advocates and conflict resolution practitioners, with a focus on the case study of Birzeit University. Arab States A Suggested Proposal for the Role of Universities in Developing Students’ Awareness of Digital Citizenship in Light of Requirements and Challenges of the Digital Age: A Case Study of Bisha University (Arts for Educational & Psychological Studies; vol.14, no.1) 2022 Sheikha Abdullah Al-Briki Balabied Dhamar University The study aimed to measure the degree of students’ awareness of the digital citizenship at the University of Bisha, and to develop a proposed scenario in the light of the results of the study, which included a framework for activating the role of universities in developing their students' awareness of digital citizenship to meet the requirements and challenges of the digital age. The analytical descriptive method was used by conducting an exploratory study and designing a questionnaire to measure the degree of students' awareness of digital citizenship. The most prominent results were that the degree of students' awareness of digital citizenship was "very high" on the total digital citizenship awareness scale. There were no statistically significant differences between the average scores of males and females, nor between the average degrees of students of theoretical and practical colleges on the total digital citizenship awareness scale. Global The Role of Digital Citizenship in the Use of Technology and Reducing the Risks Resulting from it (Alustath Journal for Human and Social Sciences; vol.59, no.3) 2020 Amal Mohammed Abdullah Albado College of Education Ibn Rushd, University of Baghdad The current study aims to know the role of digital citizenship in the use of technology and reducing the risks resulting from it. The researcher uses the descriptive analytical approach and makes a questionnaire to know if there is a role for the digital citizenship in the use of technology and reducing the dangers caused by it. The study sample consists of (102) employees in the Ministry of Education Marka Brigade (the fourth Amman qasaba). The questionnaire consists of two main axes: the first axis, which is defined as the concept of digital citizenship, the second axis is the role of digital citizenship in the use of technology and reducing the dangers of technology. The results of the study show that the awareness of the sample of the study of the concept of digital citizenship is on a high level, on average that equals (3.887) of the Likert quinary scale and the standard deviation is equal to (0.97). The results also show a strong role for citizens in reducing the dangers caused by technology where the arithmetic mean equals (4.2) and the standard deviation was (0.94). Arab States On the Concept of Academic Iliteracy: From Cultural Illiteracy to Academic Illiteracy (Criticism and Enlightenment; Issue 19, September 2021) 2021 Ali Asaad Watfa In this article, the authors presented the phenomenon of academic illiteracy, which is a very dangerous and sensitive sociological and cognitive phenomenon. Some may consider it a form of provocation to the elite of society, and others may believe it is a contradiction that combines underestimation (illiteracy) and glorification (academic). In addition, it represents an existential threat to the entire Arab future. We sought to dismantle the phenomenon gradually, so the authors proceeded from the general to the specific, that is, from alphabetic illiteracy, to cultural illiteracy, all the way to academic illiteracy. Our attention was directed to defining the phenomenon and seeking its factors, criteria, and manifestations through a critical analytical approach, and by invoking the positions and testimonies of many Arab thinkers who raised their voices warning of the phenomenon and its repercussions. Arab States Violence in Schools: Thematic Report 2023 The Higher Council for Education, Training, and Scientific Research (CSEFRS) UNICEF This report presents the results of an assessment of violence in school settings conducted by the Higher Council for Education, Training and Scientific Research, through the National Evaluation Authority, in partnership with UNICEF. This report highlights the importance of a safe, violence-free school environment to ensure quality education.The main objective of this evaluation is to provide a detailed diagnosis of the situation of violence in the school environment in Morocco. Accordingly, the study focuses on measuring the extent of the spread of this phenomenon and identifying its various forms and manifestations in the school environment, as well as the actors involved in it. It does not only target the perpetrators of violence, but also its victims, including students and educational staff.